一、硅肥的主要作用:
(1)guifeishigouzhuzhiwutibixudeyingyangyuansu。juedabufenzhiwutineihanyougui。jinnianlaiqiyingyangzuoyongzaiyixiezhiwushangbeirenweijinciyudan、lin、jia,weijudisi。
(2)guishigaishanturanghuanjingdezhongyaoyuansufeiliao。kexueshiyongguifeijinenggailiangturang,jiaozhengturangsuandu,cujinyoujifeifenjie,yizhiturangbingjundechansheng,erqiekegailiangturanggengxing,jiasushuhua,jianshaolinzaiturangzhongdeguding,youliyuzhiwushengzhang。tongshi,hainengyouxiaoyizhimeijundecunhuohefanzhi。
(3)guishigaishanzuowupinzhideyingyangyuansufeiliao。guoshushiguifeikexianzhugaishanguoshipinzhi,shiguoshitijizengda,hantangliangtigao,naizhuzangxingzengqiang。guoshushiguifeinengtigaochanliang,houqinengcujintangfenjilei,tigaoshangpinlv。
(4)guinengbangzhuzhiwutigaoguanghezuoyong。guifeikeshizhiwubiaopixibaoguizhihua,shizhiwudejinggantingzhi,jianshaozheyin,yepianguanghezuoyongzengqiang。
(5)硅可增强植物抗病虫能力。植物吸收硅素后,体内形成硅化细胞,茎叶表层细胞壁加厚,角质层增加,从而提高防虫抗病能力,特别是抗叶斑病、茎腐病和锈病等。此外,硅还可增强植物茎干韧性,提高抗倒伏能力,使植物体内通气性增强,提高植物的抗逆性等。
二、硅肥的高效施用:
(1)yaojiangjiushiyongfangfa。guifeishiyizuojifei,buyizuozhongfei,kedandushiyong,yekeyunongjiafeihunshi。zuozhuifei,yingzaoshi,shenshi。guoshukezaiqiudong、zaochundanduyuyoujifeicaiqukaigou(huanzhuangfangshezhuangtiaogou)zhurufashiyong。
(2)要因地制宜掌握施用量。施用硅肥要根据不同地块土壤有效硅的含量与硅肥水溶态硅的含量确定硅肥施用量。严重缺硅的土壤可适量多施,而轻度缺硅的土壤应少施。一般有效硅含量达到50%至60%的水溶态硅肥,每亩可施用6公斤至10公斤。果树施硅,一般成年树每株施5公斤。
三、硅肥施用的注意事项:
(1)bixuyuqitafeipeihe。guifeibunengdaitidan、lin、jiafei,dan、lin、jia、guifeikexuepeiheshiyong,cainenghuodelianghaodexiaoguo。
(2)guifeibunengyutansuanqinganhunhehuotongshishiyong,yinweiguifeihuishitansuanqinganzhongdeanhuifa,jiangdidanfeideliyonglv,zaochengbubiyaodelangfei。
(3)guifeicanxiaozhang,yibanbubiniannianshiyong,kegenjuqingkuangjianxieshiyong,yekediyinianchangliang,diernianjianliangshiyong。
(4)guifeikeyizhangqibaocun,danyingcunfangyuganzaochu,fangyulin。rushouchaojiekuaikefensuihouzaizhuiyong,rengbushixiao。