dongjishidaduoshuguoshuchonghaidexiumianqi,cishijiaqiangguoshubingchonghaidezonghefangzhi,keyiyouxiaojiangdilainianchuntianbingchonghaidefashengjilv,qiefangzhichengbendi。zaiguoshudezaipeishengchanzhongjuyouzhongyaodeyiyi。guoshudongjibingchonghaidefangzhiyaozhuazhuyixiaqiyaosu:
要素1:绑
rudongqianzaiguoshushangbangcaoba,yinyouhaichongdaocaobaneichanluanyuedong,daoshendonghouzaijiangcaobajiexiashaodiao。kexiaomiedaliangdezaicaobaneiyuedongdehaichonghechongluan。
要素2:翻
深翻果园,可将土壤中越冬的害虫,通过低温和干旱将害虫杀死,以达到消灭的目的。一般翻园深度在30-40厘米,时间以愈接近土壤封冻效果愈好,此时害虫已进入休眠状态,不能重新入土越冬。
要素3:刮
suhuashuo:“chihaoli,guashupi”。zheishiyinweixuduoweihaiguoshudebingchonghairufulanbing、lunwenbing、hongzhizhudengzaicupiliefengzhongyuedong,dongguashupi,nengjiangzheixiebingchonghaiqingchudiao。shijianzhengming,guacupizuihaozaiqiumodongchujinxing,zheiyangkeyibahaichongxiaomiezaiyuedongdechuqijieduan。guapidechengdu,yibanzhangwoxiaoshuheruoshuyiqing,dashuhewangshuyizhongdeyuanze,qingzhezhiguaqukusidecupi,zhongzheguazhipicengweiluhuanglvseweiyi。guahoujiangcupishoujishenmaihuoshaohui。
要素4:清
jiushiqingyuan。guoshudeyixiebingchonghaichangzaizacao、luoyezhongyuedong,huozaibingkuzhi、luoye、luoguo、jiangguoliyuedong。yinci,zaiguoshuluoyehou,yingjishiqingchuguoyuanzhongdezacao、luoye、luoguohebingkuzhideng,jiangqishenmaihuoshaohui。
要素5:剪
jiehedongjixiujian,jianchuneixieyoubingchonghaidezhitiao,rubingkuzhi、jiangguodengjinxingyicichedixiujianqingli,jianhouqinglijizhongshaodiao。lingwai,shengzhangduoniandegezhongshuailaodeguozhihezhizuyeshibingchongyuedongdeqianfuchangsuo,yingjishigengxinfuzhuang。
要素6:喷
一般在果树修剪后和早春果树萌芽前进行,最好喷两次。可用3-5度石硫合剂,要求树上地面均要喷,这样不但可以保护伤口和枝干,而且还能消灭在树干和土壤中越冬的部分病虫。
要素7:涂
树干涂白可以减少日烧和冻害,延迟果树的萌芽和开花,避免晚霜危害,还可兼治树干病虫害,即杀死在皮缝中越冬的病虫。涂白剂的配制比例可为:生石灰10份,石硫合剂2份,食盐1-2份,水36-40份,还可加少量杀虫剂。涂白时间以两次为好,第一次在落叶后和土壤结冻前,第二次在早春。涂白部位以主干为主,及主枝、骨干枝基部,树干南面和树叉向阳面重点涂,注意不要涂到芽上,以免烧芽。涂白剂要干稀适当,以涂时不流失,干后不翘、不脱落为宜。