皂荚人工造林技术要点

zaojiashugangaoda，shuzixiongwei，shoumingzhangda600-700nian，shishengtaihuanjinglin、jingjilin、chengshijingguanlinjixiangcun“sipang”lvhuadeyouliangshuzhong。qimucaijianying，youqixingnenglianghao，naifunaimo，shizhizaojiaju、cheliang、gongyicaidengdehaocailiao。woguozaojiasuiranfenbumianjiguang，danziyuanliangshao，qunticancibinwei，jixushouji、baohu，bingduiyouyizhongzhijinxingrengongzaolin。xiamianjiuweinijiandanjieshaozaojiarengongzaolindeyixiejishuyaodian。

zaojiazaolinshiyigejianjinshideguocheng，tafenweiqianqidecaijizhongzi、zhongzichuli、bozhongyumiao、zaizhizaolindengjigebuzhou。

1、皂荚种子采集

xuanzeshugantongzhi，shengzhangjiaokuai，fayulianghao，zhongzibaomande30-100nianshengshengguoqidezhuanglingmushu，yu10yuezhongxiaxuncaizhong。caishoudeguoshiyaotankaipushai，ganhoujiangjiaguozahuoniansui，quguopi，fengxuan，jidejingzhong，zhongziyinganhouzhuangdaiganzang。

2、皂荚种子处理

zaojiazhongpijiaohou，fayamanqiebuzhengqi，bozhongqian，xujinxingcuiyachuli。paramjeelrenweizaojiazhongzicaiyongnongliusuanrongyechuli15hfayalvhuitigao。meiguomixixibidengdiduizaojiazhongzijinxing20zhongfangfachuli，renweiyongreshuijinpaohuore/lengshuijiaotijinpaonengchulijiaoduoshuliangzhongzi，danzhongzifayalvdi；duizhongzicaiyongcemianhuoduanmiankehenhejiarezhenzaizhongyishanghuayigekong(shaoshang)nenghuodezuihaoxiaoguo。yeyoubaodaorenwei，yongbozhang632.8 mmgonglv25mwjiguangchulizaojiazhongzihesuitiao，nengbutongchengduditigaozhongzifayalvyusuitiaoshenggenlv。lingwai，caiyong1:4-5jianshui48hjinpao，zaiyongqingshuipao24h，fayalvkeda80％-92％。yekezaiqiumodongchu，jiangjingxuandezhongzifangrenshuizhong，daiqichongfenxishuihou，laochuhunheshishazhuzangcuiya，cichunzhongziliezuihou，jinxingbozhong。

3、播种育苗

yumiaodiyingxuanzeturangfeiwo，guangaifangbiandedifang，jinxingxizhizhengdi，mei667pingfangmi，shiyoujifei3000～5000kg，zhuchengpingchuanghuogaochuang。caiyongtiaobo，tiaoju20～25cm，meimizhangbozhonggoubozhong10-15li，bohoufutu3-4cmhou，bingjingchangbaochiturangshirun。miaogao10cmzuoyoushi，jianmiao、dingmiao，zhuju10-15cm，dangnianmiaogaokeda50～100cm。ruopeiyu2nianshengdamiao，yuqiumomiaomuluoyehou，an0.5m×0.5mdexingzhujujinxinghuanchuangyizhi。

4、植苗造林

chunqiuliangjijunkezaolin，yiqiudongjizaolinweihao。zaolinqianyibanyaojinxingxiaoxuezhengdi，xueguigewei30cm×30cm×20cm，zhuxingju1.0m×1.0-1.5m。zaizhishiyaoshenzaicaishibulugen。yujiyuliangjiaoduoshi，yekeliyongdangnianmiaojinxingyujizaolin，yaoqiumiaogao20cmyishang。banmuzhihuaxiaomiaoshangshanzaolin，xiaoguoyehenhao。zhimiaozaolinzhuyaoyongyuquezhubuzhi。 　　

zaojiarengongzaolinguochengzhongchanghuishoudaoyixiebingchonghaidesaorao，xuyaojijijinxingfangzhi，zaojiachangjianbingchonghaijifangzhifangfaruxia：

zaojiadouxiang：chengchongtizhang5.5-7.5mm，kuan1.5-3.5mm，chihese，meinianfasheng1dai，yiyouchongzaizhongzineiyuedong，lainian4yuezhongxunyaopozhongzizuanchu，dengzaojiejiahou，chanluanyujiaguoshang，youchongfuhuahou，zuanruzhongzineiweihai。

fangzhifangfa：keyong90℃reshuijinpao20-30s，huoyongyaojixunzheng，xiaomiezhongzineideyouchong。

zaojiashixinchong：weihaizaojia。yiyouchongzaiguojianeihuozaizhiganpifengneijiejianyuedong，meinianfasheng3dai，diyidai4yueshangxunhuayong，5yuechuchengchongkaishiyuhua。di2daichengchongfashengzai6yuezhongxiaxun，di3daizai7yuezhongxiaxun。