congshiyangshudemiaopushengchan，shouxianyaoxuanzeyikuaiyoulidepudi。miaopudidejingyingtiaojianhezirantiaojian，jiangzhijieyingxiangmiaomudechanliang、zhiliangheyumiaochengben。zaijianlimiaopushi，ruguoburenzhenshenzhongdexuanzepudi，wangwangjiyihoudeyumiaogongzuozaochengnanyimibudesunshi，qienanjiuzheng。youqishiduishiyongnianxianjiaozhang，mianjijiaodadegudingmiaopugengweizhongyao。xiamianweinijiandanjieshaoyangshumiaopudidexuanzejiqiao。
yi、congjingyingtiaojianfangmiankaolv：
miaopuyibanyingxuanshezaizaolindiqudezhongxinhuokaojinzaolindi。zheiyangkeyishipeiyudemiaomunengshiyingzaolindidehuanjingtiaojian，tongshi，youkenengbimianyinzhangtuyunshuerzaochengmiaomugankuhejixiesunshang，yingxiangmiaomudechenghuoheshengzhang，jiangdizaolinchengben。
miaopuyingjinliangxuanshezaijiaotongfangbiandedifang。jinkaogongluliangce。rulijiaotongyaodaojiaoyuan，zeyingxiujiannengtongxingdaxingcheliangdejianyigonglu。yibianyumiaosuoxuyaodewuzhicailiaonengjishigongying，erqieyefangbiansuopeiyudemiaomunengzaiduanshijianneiyundaozaolindi。
miaopuyingjinkenengxuanshezaikaojinjumindian，yibaozhenglaodonglidegongying。
er、congzirantiaojianfangmiankaolv：
1、地形：一般固定苗圃最好选在地势平坦、排水良好的平地或1-3度的缓坡地上。因为，坡度太大，容易引起水土流失，降低土壤肥力，同时，也不利于圃地灌溉和机械化作业。如山地丘陵地区，因条件所限，选设苗圃应尽量在山脚下的缓坡地，如坡度较大则应修筑带状水平梯田。苗圃地切忌选设在易于积水的低洼地，寒流汇集、风害严重的风口，光照很弱的山谷，密林间的小块空地以及山区雨季易发生山洪、泥沙堆积的地段和平原雨季易遭受雨水淹没或过水地带。因为上述地形通常是温度低、昼夜温差变化大、光照弱、通风透气不良，而且又易遭各种自然灾害，严重影响插穗生根和幼苗的生长发育，因此，一盘不宜设置苗圃。
2、poxiang：shandiyumiaoshi，poxiangduimiaomushengzhangfayuyouhendayingxiang。yibanbeifangdiquqihouhanleng，shengzhangqijiaoduan，chunjiganhan、fengda，qiudongyizaoxibeifengweihai。yinci，zaipodishangxuanzemiaopudishi，yixuandongnanpowennuanjiaohao。yinwei，dongnanpoxiangguangzhaotiaojianhao，zhouyewenchabianfujiaoxiao，turangshiduyejiaoda。nanfangdiquwennuanduoyu，zeyidongnan、dongbei、dongxianghuobeixiangweiyi。nanhuoxinan、xixiangyinyangguangzhishe、turangganzao，youmiaorongyikuwei。zaigaoshandiqu、kongqishidujiaoda，turangshuifentiaojianjiaohao，wendujiaodi，yingxuanzexiangyangdedongnanpohuonanpoweiyi。xibeipo、beipo、dongbeipozeyinwenduguodi，buyixuanzuomiaopudi。
3、turang：miaoputurangtiaojianshifenzhongyao，yinweilinmuchasuiyuheshenggenhemiaomushengzhangfayusuoxuyaodeshuifen、yangfenhekongqi，zhuyaoyouturangzhonggongji，yeshimiaomugenxishengyufayudehuanjingtiaojian。yinci，pudixuanzeshibixuzhongshiturangtiaojian。turangdejiegouhezhidi，duiyuturangzhongshuifen、yangfenhekongqizhuangkuangyouhendayingxiang。tongchangtuanlijiegoudeturang，qitongqixinghetoushuixinglianghao，qiewenretiaojianshizhong，youliyuturangweishengwudehuodongheyoujizhifenjie，erturangdezhidigengweizhongyao，yibanduoxuanzejiaofeiwodeshazhirangtuheqingzhanrangtuweiyi。yinwei，zheizhongturangqijiegoushusong，toushuixinghetongqixinglianghao，jiangyushidibiaojingliushao、guangaishishenshuijunyun。youliyuzhongzifayachutuheyoumiaodegenxifayu，tongshiyoubianyuturanggengzuo、chucao、songtuheqimiaozuoye。
buyixuanzezhongzhantuheyanjiantuzuomiaopudi。yinweizhongzhantujiegoujinmi，toushuixinghetongqixingbuliang，wendudi。ganshidibiaoyibanjiehuoguilie，yuhounining，paishuibuliang，buliyuyouyachutuhegenxifayu，yiyinqimiaomubingchonghai，pudizuoyeyeshifenkunnan。jiaozhongdeyanjiantu，yinyanfenguoduo，tigaoleturangrongyedenongdu，eryingxianggenxidexishouliyong。bingqieyanjiantuzhonghanyoutansuanna、tansuanqingnadeng，duimiaomuyouyanzhongdeduhaizuoyong，suoyibuyixuanzuomiaopu。
danshi，ruguoyintiaojiansuoxian，xuzaizhongzhantuheyanjiantushangxuanshemiaopudishi，bixucaiquyouxiaodituranggailiangdengjishucuoshi，keduoshiyoujifeiliao（rujiufei、duifeideng）dalianghunshahuoketuyijiwagoupaijiandengfangfazhubugaishanturangjiegouhezhidi，fouzebuyixuanzuomiaopu。
4、shuiyuan：miaopuyingyouchongzudeshuiyuantiaojian，yiliguangai。yinweijiesuishenggenheyoumiaoshengzhang，douxuyaoyouchongzudeshuifen。yinci，miaopuyixuanzaiheliu、chitang、shuikufujin。ruguomeiyoushangshushuiyuantiaojian，jiuyinggaikaolvdajingguangai。
但是，苗圃不宜设置在河流、池塘、水库的边上，或者地下水位过高的地方。因为，地下水位过高，土壤水分过多，通气不良，根系发育较差，苗木易贪青徒长，以致秋季不能木质化，易受冻害。在盐碱地区，如果地下水位高，会造成土壤的盐渍化。但地下水位过低时，也会影响苗木的质量，并且增加灌溉次数和灌水量，因而增加了育苗成本。生产实践证明，适宜的地下水位，一般砂壤土1.5-2.0米，轻粘壤土2.5-4.0米为宜。
