jushudashuxiangjiaoyuyouxiaomiaolaishuo,qizaishengnenglihefuzhuangnenglidouyousuojiangdi。yincijushudashuyizhihoudeyanghubunengjiandandengtongyuyouxiaomiaoyizhi。jushudashushibaoguidelvhuaziyuan,zaishijiyizaiguochengzhongquebaoqichenghuolvshiyuanlingongzuozheshouyaokaolvdewenti。neime,jushudashuyizaihougairuheyanghuyuguanlini?
结合实际,我们总结出确保榉树大树移栽后成活的几个关键养护管理要点:
1、baochishutishuifendaixiepingheng
jushudashuzaiyizhiguochengzhong,genxihuishoudaojiaodadesunshang,xishuinenglidadajiangdi。shutichangchangyingongshuibuzu,shuifendaixieshiqupinghengerkuwei,shenzhisiwang。yinci,baochishutishuifendaixiepinghengshijushudashuyizhihouyanghuguanlideguanjian。baochishutishuifendaixiepinghengdefangfayou:baogan、penshui、zheyinjigefangmian。
包干:即用草绳、蒲包、苔藓等材料严密包裹树干和比较粗壮的分枝。上述包扎物具有一定的保湿性和保温性。
喷水:喷水要求细而均匀,喷及地上各个部位和周围空间,为树体提供湿润的小气候环境。对于去冠移植的树体,可采取“吊盐水”的方法,即在树枝上挂上若干个装满清水的盐水瓶,运用吊盐水的原理,让瓶内的水慢慢滴在树体上,并定期加水,既省工又节省投资。
zheyin:dashuyizhichuqihuogaowenganzaojijie,yaodazhiyinpengzheyin,yijiangdipengneiwendu,jianshaoshutideshuifenzhengfa。
2、促发新根控水
新移植大树,根系吸水功能减弱,对土壤水分需求量较小。因此,只要保持土壤适当湿润即可。一方面要严格控制土壤浇水量。其次要防止树池积水。第三要保持适宜的地下水位高度(一般要求1.5米以下)。
3、保护新芽
xinyamengfa,shixinzhidashujinxingshenglihuodongdebiaozhi,shidashuchenghuodexiwang。gengzhongyaodeshi,shutidishangbufendemengfa,duigenxijuyouziraneryouxiaodecijizuoyong,nengcujingenxidemengfa。yinci,zaiyizhichuqi,tebieshiyizhishijinxingzhongxiujiandeshutisuomengfadeyayaojiayibaohu,rangqichouzhifaye,daishutichenghuohouzaixingxiujianzhengxing。tongshi,zaishutimengyahou,yaotebiejiaqiangpenshui、zheyin、fangbingzhichongdengyanghugongzuo,baozhengnenyayunenshaodezhengchangshengzhang。
4、土壤通气
保持土壤良好的透气性能有利于根系萌发。为此,一方面,要做好中耕松土工作,以防土壤板结。另一方面,要经常检查土壤通气设施(通气管或竹笼)。发现通气设施堵塞或积水的,要及时清除,以经常保持良好的通气性能。
5、树体支撑
树大招风。大树种植后应支撑固定,慎防倾倒。正三角桩最利于树体稳定,支撑点以树体高三分之二处左右为好,并加垫保护层,以防伤皮。
6、施肥
施肥有利于恢复树势。大树移植初期,根系吸肥力低,宜采用根外追肥,一般半个月左右一次。用尿素、硫酸铵、磷酸二氢钾等速效性肥料配制成浓度为0.5%至1%的肥液,选早晚或阴天进行叶面喷洒,遇降雨应重喷一次。根系萌发后,可进行土壤施肥,要求薄肥勤施,慎防伤根。
7、防冻
xinzhidashudezhishao、genximengfachi,nianshengzhangzhouqiduan,jileideyangfenshao,yinerzuzhibuchongshi,yishoudiwenweihai,yingzuohaofangdongbaowengongzuo。yifangmian,ruqiuhou,yaokongzhidanfei,zengshilin、jiafei,bingzhubuyanzhangguangzhaoshijian,tigaoguangzhaoqiangdu,yitigaoshutidemuzhihuachengdu,tigaozishenkanghannengli。dier,zairudonghanchaolailinzhiqian,zuohaoshutibaowengongzuo。kecaiqufutu、dimianfugai、shelifengzhang、dazhisuliaodapengdengfangfajiayibaohu。